The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows: [42]. Texas is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority. The legislature is constitutionally required to adopt a balanced budget. The governor must sign a balanced budget into law.
The Texas Constitution sets the qualifications for election to each house as follows:. Neither the House of Representatives nor the Senate has term limits. Each member represented an average of , residents , as of the Census. Click here for a list of members of this chamber. Between and , partisan control of the Texas State Senate shifted in favor of the Republican Party.
As a result of the elections, Democrats held an majority. Republicans flipped the chamber in and, by , expanded their majority to The table below shows the partisan history of the Texas State Senate following every general election from to Data after was compiled by Ballotpedia staff. The movement from an Democratic majority in to a Republican majority in was gradual. Half of the elections between and saw no change to the partisan balance of the state Senate.
In years where there was a shift in balance, those shifts were minimal. Republicans made their largest gains—three seats—in the elections. The only years Democrats made gains were , , and picking up one seat in each year.
There are representatives in the Texas House of Representatives. Between and , partisan control of the Texas House of Representatives shifted in favor of the Republican Party. As a result of the elections, Democrats held a majority. The table below shows the partisan history of the Texas House of Representatives following every general election from to Republicans gained control of the state House in after gaining 16 seats.
The partisan balance of the chamber moved 14 seats in favor of Republicans in the four elections leading up to the elections. Between and , Democrats were able to take back 12 seats. After , the chamber was nearly split at a Republican majority. Republicans' largest gains would occur as a result of the elections , when they picked up 23 seats. Democrats gained 16 seats between and State legislatures can override governors' vetoes.
Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session.
The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Texas are listed below. How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members present in both chambers. Authority: Article 4, Section 14 of the Texas Constitution. In Texas, both congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the Texas State Legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor. If the state legislature is unable to approve a state legislative redistricting plan, a backup commission must draw the lines the backup commission is not involved in congressional redistricting.
This backup commission, established in , comprises the following members: [48]. The Texas Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and "that they preserve whole counties when population mandates permit.
Gov Dan Patrick R said of the Senate map: "This map illustrates our commitment to making sure every Texan is well-represented in their state Legislature and their voices are heard. Rafael Anchia D said the Senate proposal did not adequately reflect the racial composition of the state.
State Rep. This map takes effect for Texas' legislative elections. Texas received its local census data on February 17, The state grew As far as the large cities, Houston grew by 7. In , Texas held elections under interim maps drawn by a federal court after the Legislature's passed maps were thrown out by a panel of three federal judges on Voting Rights Act grounds.
The panel drew up its own maps, but the federal court struck down those as well, substituting its own so that the elections could proceed. This goes back to , when lawmakers linked their salaries to those of state judges.
Tom Craddick R will be the first to qualify for when he retires. Texas legislators assume office at the beginning of the legislative session, which starts at noon on the second Tuesday in January in the year after the election. The Texas legislature has the authority to propose amendments to the Texas Constitution. Proposed amendments must be approved in a joint resolution of both the Texas State Senate and the Texas House of Representatives.
The joint resolution can originate in either the House or the Senate. The resolution must be adopted by a vote of at least two-thirds of the membership of each house of the legislature. That amounts to a minimum of votes in the House of Representatives and 21 votes in the Senate. In the Texas state government, Joint Committees are comprised of members of both the Texas State Senate and the Texas House of Representatives , and sometimes civilian members of executive agencies, commissions, and councils.
Joint committees are created by the Lieutenant Governor Speaker of the House through special proclamation. Under normal circumstances, joint committees in Texas are created to operate in the interim of legislative sessions, and rarely during a session. All joint committees in Texas are classified as select committees, and do not carry over between legislative sessions.
Texas Senate: From , the Democratic Party was the majority in the Texas State Senate for five years while the Republicans were the majority for 17 years. Texas was under Republican trifectas for the final 11 years of the study.
Across the country, there were Democratic and Republican state senates from to Texas House: From , the Democratic Party was the majority in the Texas State House of Representatives for the first 11 years while the Republicans were the majority for the last 11 years.
Across the country, there were Democratic and Republican State Houses of Representatives from to Over the course of the year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period , 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments.
In , only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied. The chart below shows the partisan composition of the Office of the Governor of Texas , the Texas State Senate and the Texas House of Representatives from to Texas was one of eight states to demonstrate a dramatic partisan shift in the 22 years studied.
A dramatic shift was defined by a movement of 40 percent or more toward one party over the course of the study period. Texas started out with Democratic trifectas but shifted to Republican trifectas by the end of the study. The chart below depicts the partisanship of the Texas state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from , with 1 being the best and 50 the worst.
Prior to Republican trifectas, which started in , the SQLI rating for Texas stayed consistently in the 30s, except for its lowest ranking of 40 in during a Democratic trifecta.
Within a few years of the Republican trifectas that ranking moved up, and Texas finished 11th, its highest ranking, in In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment.
In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion.
Share this page Follow Ballotpedia. What's on your ballot? Jump to: navigation , search. Code 3. Census Bureau , "U. Categories : Texas State legislatures, Texas Legislature. Voter information What's on my ballot? Where do I vote? How do I register to vote? How do I request a ballot? When do I vote? When are polls open? Who Represents Me? Congress special elections Governors State executives State legislatures Ballot measures State judges Municipal officials School boards.
How do I update a page? Election results. Privacy policy About Ballotpedia Disclaimers Login. Texas State Legislature. General information. Official Legislature Page. Abbott signed both maps into law on October 25, Click here for more information about redistricting after the census.
Texas has a Republican trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature. The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the Texas House of Representatives as of November The speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the body. Texas legislators assume office at the beginning of the legislative session, which starts at noon on the second Tuesday in January in the year after the election. To be eligible to serve in the Texas House of Representatives , a candidate must be: [8].
Between and , partisan control of the Texas House of Representatives shifted in favor of the Republican Party. As a result of the elections, Democrats held a majority. Republicans flipped the chamber in and, by , expanded their majority to The table below shows the partisan history of the Texas House of Representatives following every general election from to Data after was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Republicans gained control of the state House in after gaining 16 seats. The partisan balance of the chamber moved 14 seats in favor of Republicans in the four elections leading up to the elections.
Between and , Democrats were able to take back 12 seats. After , the chamber was nearly split at a Republican majority. Republicans' largest gains would occur as a result of the elections , when they picked up 23 seats.
Democrats gained 16 seats between and A state government trifecta is a term that describes single party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between and , Texas was under the following types of trifecta control:. Texas state representatives serve two-year terms , with all seats up for election every two years. Texas holds elections for its legislature in even years.
Elections for the Texas House of Representatives will take place in The general election is on November 8, A primary is scheduled for March 1, , and a primary runoff is scheduled for May 24, The filing deadline is December 13, Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives took place in The general election was held on November 3, A primary was scheduled for March 3, , and a primary runoff was scheduled for July 14, The filing deadline was December 9, In the elections, Republicans in the Texas House of Representatives maintained their majority.
Elections for the Texas House of Representatives took place in An open primary election took place on March 6, The general election was held on November 6, The candidate filing deadline was December 11, Candidate filing deadline. In the elections, the Republican majority in the Texas House of Representatives was reduced from to The primary election was held on March 1, , and the general election was held on November 8, The candidate filing deadline was December 14, Heading into the election, Republicans held a majority with one vacancy.
Republicans lost five seats in the election, giving them a majority. Elections for all seats in the Texas House of Representatives took place in A primary election took place on March 4, Those candidates who did not receive 50 percent or more of the vote in their party primary on March 4 faced an additional May 27 primary runoff.
The general election was held on November 4, The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in these elections was December 9, Republicans gained four seats in the election, giving them a majority. The primary election was held on May 29, , and the general election was held on November 6, A primary runoff election was scheduled for July 31, The candidate filing deadline was December 19, All seats were up for election.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a majority with two vacancies. The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election. The primary election was held on March 2, , and the general election was held on November 2, The runoff election was held on April 13, The candidate filing deadline was January 4, All seats were up for election in Republicans gained 22 seats in the election, giving them a majority with one vacancy.
The top 10 donors were: [12]. Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on March 4, , and a general election on November 4, The top 10 contributors were: [13].
Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on March 7, , and a general election on November 7, The top 10 contributors were: [14]. Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on March 9, , and a general election on November 2, The top 10 contributors were: [15].
Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on March 12, , and a general election on November 5, The top 10 contributors were: [16]. Elections for the office of Texas House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on March 14, , and a general election on November 7, The top 10 contributors were: [17].
If there is a vacancy in the Texas State Legislature , the governor must call a special election to fill the vacant seat. The secretary of state can declare a candidate duly elected in a special election if there is no opposition. See sources: Texas Elec. In Texas, both congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the Texas State Legislature.
These lines are subject to veto by the governor. If the state legislature is unable to approve a state legislative redistricting plan, a backup commission must draw the lines the backup commission is not involved in congressional redistricting. This backup commission, established in , comprises the following members: [21]. The Texas Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and "that they preserve whole counties when population mandates permit.
This map takes effect for Texas' legislative elections. Texas received its local census data on February 17, The state grew The growth rate in the largest cities was as follows: Houston grew by 7.
The Texas State Senate released a proposed map of its 31 districts on May 11, Rick Perry R on June 17, The DC federal court rejected Texas' senate and house maps on November 8, , denying the state's request for preclearance summary judgment. The maps passed the Texas State Senate and were signed into law by Gov. Perry on June 26, The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the Texas House of Representatives has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the House to the Senate and legislation that has already been approved by both chambers and signed by the governor.
The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content.
Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack In , the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 12, , and adjourn on May 31, In , the legislature was in session from January 10, , through May 29, A special session was held from July 18 to August Major issues during the legislative session included transportation funding, especially funding of the Texas Department of Transportation.
A bill meant to help alleviate funding issues within the agency died in the last legislative session, leaving the issue to the legislative session. In , the legislature was in session from January 8 to May Thirty minutes after the regular session ended, Governor Rick Perry R called legislators back for a special session starting that evening.
Along with the necessity of creating a new budget, some of the biggest issues included Medicaid and school funding, a water shortage, and reforming the school finance system. After he was appointed in , University of Texas Regent Wallace Hall began looking into what he believed to be clout scandals within the University of Texas system. Hall investigated the university's forgivable-loans program and admissions policies and preferential treatment to politically-connected individuals.
System has not protected the privacy rights of students, staff, and patients. This is simply not true. An effort was begun in June by members of the Texas State House to try and impeach Hall from his position as Regent. Some legislators justified the impeachment on the grounds that Hall did not disclose several lawsuits that he was involved in when he originally completed his Regent background check. Only two elected officials in the history of Texas have ever been successfully impeached.
In , the legislature was in session from January 11 through May While redistricting maps were passed for the Texas House of Representatives , the Texas State Senate , and the State Board of Education, the legislature failed to pass a congressional map within the regular session. The 82nd Legislative Session officially ended Monday, May 30, Due to a lack of progress on key legislative items, Governor Rick Perry R called a special session which began first thing Tuesday, May 31, Of primary concern in the special session was passing supporting legislation needed to balance the budget.
Even though a budget bill passed both the House and Senate during the regular session, a last-minute filibuster by Democratic Senator Wendy Davis halted the passing of an essential school finance bill that was required to balance the budget. The Texas Constitution requires a balanced budget, so a special session was called. Balancing the budget was not the only item on the special session agenda.
Medicaid reform, immigration, and congressional redistricting were amongst the issues to be addressed. In , the legislature did not hold a regular session. In , the legislature met in session from January 13 through June 1.
The Tenth Amendment of the U. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.
The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments , and bills that become law. Section 5 of Article III states that the Legislature shall meet every two years at times to be established by law. Section 5 goes on to say that the Legislature can also be convened by the governor of Texas.
Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides , the role of the legislature in the state budget , and procedures for filling membership vacancies.
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Texas are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members present in both chambers. Authority: Article 4, Section 14 of the Texas Constitution. The state operates on a biennial budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows: [60].
Texas is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority. The legislature is constitutionally required to adopt a balanced budget. The governor must sign a balanced budget into law.
Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.
Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The Texas House of Representatives has 34 standing committees:. In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters.
In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures. What's on my ballot? Elections in How to vote How to run for office Ballot measures.
Who represents me? President U. Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Share this page Follow Ballotpedia. What's on your ballot?
Jump to: navigation , search. All House seats were up for election in The chamber's Republican majority remained Click to read more » Texas has a Republican trifecta. This page contains the following information on the Texas House of Representatives.
Which party controls the chamber The chamber's current membership Partisan control of the chamber over time Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled A district map How redistricting works in the state Legislation currently under consideration Legislative session dates Legislative procedures , such as veto overrides and the state budget process A list of committees Contents. For more information on changes to state legislative sessions as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, click here.
Census Bureau , "U. Voter information What's on my ballot? Where do I vote? How do I register to vote? How do I request a ballot?
When do I vote? When are polls open? Who Represents Me? Congress special elections Governors State executives State legislatures Ballot measures State judges Municipal officials School boards. How do I update a page? Election results. Privacy policy About Ballotpedia Disclaimers Login. Texas House of Representatives.
General Information. Session start: [1]. Session end: [1]. November 3, November 8, Click to read more ». Texas House of Representatives District 1.
Gary VanDeaver. Texas House of Representatives District 2. Bryan Slaton. Texas House of Representatives District 3. Cecil Bell Jr. Texas House of Representatives District 4. Keith Bell.
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